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feedparser.py
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# Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Python Software Foundation # Authors: Baxter, Wouters and Warsaw # Contact: email-sig@python.org """FeedParser - An email feed parser. The feed parser implements an interface for incrementally parsing an email message, line by line. This has advantages for certain applications, such as those reading email messages off a socket. FeedParser.feed() is the primary interface for pushing new data into the parser. It returns when there's nothing more it can do with the available data. When you have no more data to push into the parser, call .close(). This completes the parsing and returns the root message object. The other advantage of this parser is that it will never raise a parsing exception. Instead, when it finds something unexpected, it adds a 'defect' to the current message. Defects are just instances that live on the message object's .defects attribute. """ __all__ = ['FeedParser'] import re from email import errors from email import message NLCRE = re.compile('\r\n|\r|\n') NLCRE_bol = re.compile('(\r\n|\r|\n)') NLCRE_eol = re.compile('(\r\n|\r|\n)\Z') NLCRE_crack = re.compile('(\r\n|\r|\n)') # RFC 2822 $3.6.8 Optional fields. ftext is %d33-57 / %d59-126, Any character # except controls, SP, and ":". headerRE = re.compile(r'^(From |[\041-\071\073-\176]{1,}:|[\t ])') EMPTYSTRING = '' NL = '\n' NeedMoreData = object() class BufferedSubFile(object): """A file-ish object that can have new data loaded into it. You can also push and pop line-matching predicates onto a stack. When the current predicate matches the current line, a false EOF response (i.e. empty string) is returned instead. This lets the parser adhere to a simple abstraction -- it parses until EOF closes the current message. """ def __init__(self): # Chunks of the last partial line pushed into this object. self._partial = [] # The list of full, pushed lines, in reverse order self._lines = [] # The stack of false-EOF checking predicates. self._eofstack = [] # A flag indicating whether the file has been closed or not. self._closed = False def push_eof_matcher(self, pred): self._eofstack.append(pred) def pop_eof_matcher(self): return self._eofstack.pop() def close(self): # Don't forget any trailing partial line. self.pushlines(''.join(self._partial).splitlines(True)) self._partial = [] self._closed = True def readline(self): if not self._lines: if self._closed: return '' return NeedMoreData # Pop the line off the stack and see if it matches the current # false-EOF predicate. line = self._lines.pop() # RFC 2046, section 5.1.2 requires us to recognize outer level # boundaries at any level of inner nesting. Do this, but be sure it's # in the order of most to least nested. for ateof in self._eofstack[::-1]: if ateof(line): # We're at the false EOF. But push the last line back first. self._lines.append(line) return '' return line def unreadline(self, line): # Let the consumer push a line back into the buffer. assert line is not NeedMoreData self._lines.append(line) def push(self, data): """Push some new data into this object.""" # Crack into lines, but preserve the linesep characters on the end of each parts = data.splitlines(True) if not parts or not parts[0].endswith(('\n', '\r')): # No new complete lines, so just accumulate partials self._partial += parts return if self._partial: # If there are previous leftovers, complete them now self._partial.append(parts[0]) parts[0:1] = ''.join(self._partial).splitlines(True) del self._partial[:] # If the last element of the list does not end in a newline, then treat # it as a partial line. We only check for '\n' here because a line # ending with '\r' might be a line that was split in the middle of a # '\r\n' sequence (see bugs 1555570 and 1721862). if not parts[-1].endswith('\n'): self._partial = [parts.pop()] self.pushlines(parts) def pushlines(self, lines): # Crack into lines, but preserve the newlines on the end of each parts = NLCRE_crack.split(data) # The *ahem* interesting behaviour of re.split when supplied grouping # parentheses is that the last element of the resulting list is the # data after the final RE. In the case of a NL/CR terminated string, # this is the empty string. self._partial = parts.pop() #GAN 29Mar09 bugs 1555570, 1721862 Confusion at 8K boundary ending with \r: # is there a \n to follow later? if not self._partial and parts and parts[-1].endswith('\r'): self._partial = parts.pop(-2)+parts.pop() # parts is a list of strings, alternating between the line contents # and the eol character(s). Gather up a list of lines after # re-attaching the newlines. lines = [] for i in range(len(parts) // 2): lines.append(parts[i*2] + parts[i*2+1]) self.pushlines(lines) def pushlines(self, lines): # Reverse and insert at the front of the lines. self._lines[:0] = lines[::-1] def is_closed(self): return self._closed def __iter__(self): return self def next(self): line = self.readline() if line == '': raise StopIteration return line class FeedParser: """A feed-style parser of email.""" def __init__(self, _factory=message.Message): """_factory is called with no arguments to create a new message obj""" self._factory = _factory self._input = BufferedSubFile() self._msgstack = [] self._parse = self._parsegen().next self._cur = None self._last = None self._headersonly = False # Non-public interface for supporting Parser's headersonly flag def _set_headersonly(self): self._headersonly = True def feed(self, data): """Push more data into the parser.""" self._input.push(data) self._call_parse() def _call_parse(self): try: self._parse() except StopIteration: pass def close(self): """Parse all remaining data and return the root message object.""" self._input.close() self._call_parse() root = self._pop_message() assert not self._msgstack # Look for final set of defects if root.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart' \ and not root.is_multipart(): root.defects.append(errors.MultipartInvariantViolationDefect()) return root def _new_message(self): msg = self._factory() if self._cur and self._cur.get_content_type() == 'multipart/digest': msg.set_default_type('message/rfc822') if self._msgstack: self._msgstack[-1].attach(msg) self._msgstack.append(msg) self._cur = msg self._last = msg def _pop_message(self): retval = self._msgstack.pop() if self._msgstack: self._cur = self._msgstack[-1] else: self._cur = None return retval def _parsegen(self): # Create a new message and start by parsing headers. self._new_message() headers = [] # Collect the headers, searching for a line that doesn't match the RFC # 2822 header or continuation pattern (including an empty line). for line in self._input: if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue if not headerRE.match(line): # If we saw the RFC defined header/body separator # (i.e. newline), just throw it away. Otherwise the line is # part of the body so push it back. if not NLCRE.match(line): self._input.unreadline(line) break headers.append(line) # Done with the headers, so parse them and figure out what we're # supposed to see in the body of the message. self._parse_headers(headers) # Headers-only parsing is a backwards compatibility hack, which was # necessary in the older parser, which could raise errors. All # remaining lines in the input are thrown into the message body. if self._headersonly: lines = [] while True: line = self._input.readline() if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue if line == '': break lines.append(line) self._cur.set_payload(EMPTYSTRING.join(lines)) return if self._cur.get_content_type() == 'message/delivery-status': # message/delivery-status contains blocks of headers separated by # a blank line. We'll represent each header block as a separate # nested message object, but the processing is a bit different # than standard message/* types because there is no body for the # nested messages. A blank line separates the subparts. while True: self._input.push_eof_matcher(NLCRE.match) for retval in self._parsegen(): if retval is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue break msg = self._pop_message() # We need to pop the EOF matcher in order to tell if we're at # the end of the current file, not the end of the last block # of message headers. self._input.pop_eof_matcher() # The input stream must be sitting at the newline or at the # EOF. We want to see if we're at the end of this subpart, so # first consume the blank line, then test the next line to see # if we're at this subpart's EOF. while True: line = self._input.readline() if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue break while True: line = self._input.readline() if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue break if line == '': break # Not at EOF so this is a line we're going to need. self._input.unreadline(line) return if self._cur.get_content_maintype() == 'message': # The message claims to be a message/* type, then what follows is # another RFC 2822 message. for retval in self._parsegen(): if retval is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue break self._pop_message() return if self._cur.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart': boundary = self._cur.get_boundary() if boundary is None: # The message /claims/ to be a multipart but it has not # defined a boundary. That's a problem which we'll handle by # reading everything until the EOF and marking the message as # defective. self._cur.defects.append(errors.NoBoundaryInMultipartDefect()) lines = [] for line in self._input: if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue lines.append(line) self._cur.set_payload(EMPTYSTRING.join(lines)) return # Create a line match predicate which matches the inter-part # boundary as well as the end-of-multipart boundary. Don't push # this onto the input stream until we've scanned past the # preamble. separator = '--' + boundary boundaryre = re.compile( '(?P<sep>' + re.escape(separator) + r')(?P<end>--)?(?P<ws>[ \t]*)(?P<linesep>\r\n|\r|\n)?$') capturing_preamble = True preamble = [] linesep = False while True: line = self._input.readline() if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue if line == '': break mo = boundaryre.match(line) if mo: # If we're looking at the end boundary, we're done with # this multipart. If there was a newline at the end of # the closing boundary, then we need to initialize the # epilogue with the empty string (see below). if mo.group('end'): linesep = mo.group('linesep') break # We saw an inter-part boundary. Were we in the preamble? if capturing_preamble: if preamble: # According to RFC 2046, the last newline belongs # to the boundary. lastline = preamble[-1] eolmo = NLCRE_eol.search(lastline) if eolmo: preamble[-1] = lastline[:-len(eolmo.group(0))] self._cur.preamble = EMPTYSTRING.join(preamble) capturing_preamble = False self._input.unreadline(line) continue # We saw a boundary separating two parts. Consume any # multiple boundary lines that may be following. Our # interpretation of RFC 2046 BNF grammar does not produce # body parts within such double boundaries. while True: line = self._input.readline() if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue mo = boundaryre.match(line) if not mo: self._input.unreadline(line) break # Recurse to parse this subpart; the input stream points # at the subpart's first line. self._input.push_eof_matcher(boundaryre.match) for retval in self._parsegen(): if retval is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue break # Because of RFC 2046, the newline preceding the boundary # separator actually belongs to the boundary, not the # previous subpart's payload (or epilogue if the previous # part is a multipart). if self._last.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart': epilogue = self._last.epilogue if epilogue == '': self._last.epilogue = None elif epilogue is not None: mo = NLCRE_eol.search(epilogue) if mo: end = len(mo.group(0)) self._last.epilogue = epilogue[:-end] else: payload = self._last.get_payload() if isinstance(payload, basestring): mo = NLCRE_eol.search(payload) if mo: payload = payload[:-len(mo.group(0))] self._last.set_payload(payload) self._input.pop_eof_matcher() self._pop_message() # Set the multipart up for newline cleansing, which will # happen if we're in a nested multipart. self._last = self._cur else: # I think we must be in the preamble assert capturing_preamble preamble.append(line) # We've seen either the EOF or the end boundary. If we're still # capturing the preamble, we never saw the start boundary. Note # that as a defect and store the captured text as the payload. # Everything from here to the EOF is epilogue. if capturing_preamble: self._cur.defects.append(errors.StartBoundaryNotFoundDefect()) self._cur.set_payload(EMPTYSTRING.join(preamble)) epilogue = [] for line in self._input: if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue self._cur.epilogue = EMPTYSTRING.join(epilogue) return # If the end boundary ended in a newline, we'll need to make sure # the epilogue isn't None if linesep: epilogue = [''] else: epilogue = [] for line in self._input: if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue epilogue.append(line) # Any CRLF at the front of the epilogue is not technically part of # the epilogue. Also, watch out for an empty string epilogue, # which means a single newline. if epilogue: firstline = epilogue[0] bolmo = NLCRE_bol.match(firstline) if bolmo: epilogue[0] = firstline[len(bolmo.group(0)):] self._cur.epilogue = EMPTYSTRING.join(epilogue) return # Otherwise, it's some non-multipart type, so the entire rest of the # file contents becomes the payload. lines = [] for line in self._input: if line is NeedMoreData: yield NeedMoreData continue lines.append(line) self._cur.set_payload(EMPTYSTRING.join(lines)) def _parse_headers(self, lines): # Passed a list of lines that make up the headers for the current msg lastheader = '' lastvalue = [] for lineno, line in enumerate(lines): # Check for continuation if line[0] in ' \t': if not lastheader: # The first line of the headers was a continuation. This # is illegal, so let's note the defect, store the illegal # line, and ignore it for purposes of headers. defect = errors.FirstHeaderLineIsContinuationDefect(line) self._cur.defects.append(defect) continue lastvalue.append(line) continue if lastheader: # XXX reconsider the joining of folded lines lhdr = EMPTYSTRING.join(lastvalue)[:-1].rstrip('\r\n') self._cur[lastheader] = lhdr lastheader, lastvalue = '', [] # Check for envelope header, i.e. unix-from if line.startswith('From '): if lineno == 0: # Strip off the trailing newline mo = NLCRE_eol.search(line) if mo: line = line[:-len(mo.group(0))] self._cur.set_unixfrom(line) continue elif lineno == len(lines) - 1: # Something looking like a unix-from at the end - it's # probably the first line of the body, so push back the # line and stop. self._input.unreadline(line) return else: # Weirdly placed unix-from line. Note this as a defect # and ignore it. defect = errors.MisplacedEnvelopeHeaderDefect(line) self._cur.defects.append(defect) continue # Split the line on the colon separating field name from value. i = line.find(':') if i < 0: defect = errors.MalformedHeaderDefect(line) self._cur.defects.append(defect) continue lastheader = line[:i] lastvalue = [line[i+1:].lstrip()] # Done with all the lines, so handle the last header. if lastheader: # XXX reconsider the joining of folded lines self._cur[lastheader] = EMPTYSTRING.join(lastvalue).rstrip('\r\n')